抗虫、耐除草剂转基因水稻对非靶标害虫玉米蚜取食行为影响的评价

The effects of transgenic rice on the feeding behavior of the non-target aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

【目的】通过研究转基因水稻对玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis(Fitch)取食行为的影响,分析转基因水稻可能带来的潜在风险。【方法】采用Y-型嗅觉仪测定了玉米蚜对苗期水稻挥发物的行为反应,并利用EPG技术对玉米蚜的取食行为进行了分析。【结果】在转基因水稻和对照之间,玉米蚜选择非转基因水稻较多,但是差异不显著;反应时间则是非转基因水稻大于转基因水稻。而在两个转基因水稻品系(KMD1和KMD2)之间,玉米蚜极显著地选择KMD1。E1波累计持续时间的百分比反映了蚜虫花费在将唾液分泌到韧皮部筛管的时间所占的比例,这一点在KMD2和XS11之间存在显著差异(KMD2>XS11);而np波累计持续时间的百分比则反映了蚜虫花费在移动和寻找取食位点上的时间所占的比例,这一点在223F-S21和XS134之间存在显著差异(223F-S21<XS134);玉米蚜在G8-7和XS110上的取食行为没有显著的差异。【结论】2个供试转基因水稻材料(KMD2和223F-S21)有利于玉米蚜的取食。

[Objectives] To assess the potential ecological risk of transgenic rice plants to a non-target pest; the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis（Fitch）. [Methods] The behavioral responses of aphids to volatiles of rice seedling were studied in a Y-tube olfactometer, and physiological responses of aphids to volatiles was analyzed with EPG. [Results] Non-transgenic rice lines were more attractive to aphids than transgenic rice but this difference was not significant. The response time of aphids to non-transgenic rice lines was longer than that for transgenic rice lines. Aphids preferred KMD1 to KMD2. The percentage of accumulated duration（E1）, which reflects the proportion of time that aphids secreted saliva into rice phloem, was significantly higher on KMD2 than on XS11. The percentage of accumulated duration（np）, which reflects the proportion of time that aphids spent moving to feeding sites, was significantly lower on 223 F-S21 than on XS134. There was no significant difference in feeding behavior between G8-7 and XS110. [Conclusion] Two tested transgenic rice lines（KMD2 and 223 F-S21） have no obvious adverse effects on the feeding behavior of R. maidis.