构建我国未成年人前科消灭制度的若干思考

Some Reflections on the Establishment of Minors' Criminal Record Elimination System in Our Country

我国立法者对前科的机能存在着理解上的重大偏差,这是我国迟迟无法建立前科消灭制度的主要原因之一;我国现行的未成年人前科报告义务的免除规定与未成年人犯罪记录封存制度对未成年人的社会复归具有积极意义,但是与真正的未成年人前科消灭制度之间尚有不小的差距;我国应从前科之罪的"罪"与"刑"、前科消灭的期限与禁止性事由、前科消灭的方式与主要程序、前科消灭的法律效果等方面入手,以未成年人前科消灭制度为突破口,逐步推进和带动一般意义上的前科消灭制度的构建。

There is a serious deviation in understanding the function of the criminal record in our country,which is one of the main reasons why China has not been able to establish the system of criminal record elimination.The current exemption provisions of previous convictions reporting obligation and the system of sealing criminal record have positive significance to the minors＇social return,but a gap still exists with the real minors＇criminal record elimination system.China should start with the＂crime ＂and＂punishment＂ of criminal record,the time limit of criminal record elimination and the reasons for prohibition,the way and the main procedure of criminal record elimination,the legal effect of criminal record elimination,taking minors＇criminal record elimination system as a breach,gradually promoting the construction of criminal record elimination system in general.