北宋士人的“好议”之风及其消极影响——以欧阳修为个案的研究

The Litigiosity of the Scholars in the Northern Sony Dynasty and Its Negative Influence:a Case Study of Ou-Yang Xiu

北宋中后期,集学者、文人、官员于一身的综合型人才登上政治舞台,喜好议论是他们的共同特征,欧阳修是第一批展现这一特征的典型。在政论中,他敢言、极言、能言,将文人、学者的各种优势充分发挥到对政事的议论中。这固然有其积极意义,但其消极影响同样不容忽视。议论过多、事无巨细都要论争,对于具体政事往往利大于弊。这也是其他类似士人的共同缺陷。欧阳修身历三朝、长期身处重要位置,其主导的诸多政策对于此后北宋政坛的好议之风具有深刻影响。

In the middle and later period of Northern Song Dynasty,agroup of versatile talents who were scholars,literati and civil officers came to the political stage.Being argumentative was their common characteristic,and Ou-Yang Xiu was the first typical one to show this feature.Ou-Yang Xiu argued with his opponents bravely,drastically and adroitly by giving full play to the various superiorities of literati and scholars in the discussion of political affairs.This kind of behavior had positive significance admittedly,yet its negative aspect cannot be ignored.Ou-Yang Xiu experienced three dynasties by holding the dominant position and many of his policies had a profound influence on the litigiosity trend of the Northern Song Dynasty＇s politics.