基于灵敏度分析的门式起重机结构优化设计

Optimization design of gantry crane structure based on sensitivity analysis

针对门式起重机的结构特点,运用ANSYS软件的APDL语言创建了门式起重机参数化有限元模型,在两种危险工况下对其进行有限元分析,获得了门式起重机在这两种危险工况下的最大等效应力与变形分布。根据分析结果,对门式起重机的结构进行灵敏度分析,得到对门式起重机总体积影响较大的截面尺寸和外形尺寸,基于此,运用ANSYS软件内部的sub-problem优化算法对这些尺寸进行优化设计。在满足刚度和强度要求的前提下,使优化后的门式起重机总质量减轻了19.3%,取得了较好的优化效果。

According to the structural characteristics of gantry crane, the parametric finite element model of gantry crane is built based on ANSYS APDL. To get the gantry crane maximum equivalent stress and deformation distribution of dangerous conditions, its finite element model is analyzed in both dangerous conditions. On the basis of this analysis, the section size and shape size, which have a great influence on the volume, are obtained through the sensitivity analysis of gantry crane structure. Under the condition of meeting the stiffness and strength requirements, the size of gantry crane is optimized with the use of sub-problem inside ANSYS algorithm. The optimization effect is obvious and the weight of the gantry crane is greatly reduced by 19.3 %.