“连XP都/也VP”构式的分类层级和原型效应

The taxonomic hierarchy and prototype effect of Chinese “lian XP dou/ye VP”construction

现有"连"字句研究存在以"连"为中心而缺乏构式整体观念及持抽象语义说而忽略构式多义性的问题。本文在构式语法框架下,研究"连XP都/也VP"构式的整体语义,认为是比较和强调两种宏观语义的交织,又在中观层级上分为主体对比、集合成员、整体事件和典型量级四类,形成比较—强调连续统并构建了宏观—中观—微观—构例的图式层级。本文认为该构式的原型是集合成员类,并提供了判断原型的依据,认为在重视原型的同时不应该忽略边缘成员,这也是抽象说的症结所在。本文采用宏观构式义和中观微观分类的层级方法解决了"连"字构式语义抽象性和多义性的取舍问题,并为后者提供理据。

In previous studies of Chinese ＂lian XP dou/ye VP（连 XP 都/也 VP）＂ con- struction, the focus of discussion has been on the item lian （连） rather than the construction as an entirety. More attention has been paid to the semantic abstraction but the construction- al polysemy is neglected. Under the framework of Construction Grammar, this paper studies the semantics of lian construction as an entirety and argues that it is characterized with the integration of the senses of comparison and emphasis. Further, we divide this construction into four main types i.e., subject contrast, set member, entire event and typical scale, which form a continuum, with comparison and emphasis as the two poles. This paper builds up the schematic hierarchy that consists of four levels, including macro-constructions, meso-con struetions, micro-constructions, and constructs. On top of this, this paper addresses the prototype effect of Lian construction, showing that the four main types of the construction are prototypically structured, the set member being the prototype. We insist that while valu ing prototype marginal types should not be ignored, which is also the problem of the abstrac tion approach. The taxonomic hierarchy this paper adopts may solve the trade off between abstraction and polysemy, and provide argumentation for the latter.