趋近理想灰关联多约束的交通救援中心中值选址模型

A Traffic Rescue Centre Median Location Model Approaching Ideal Grey Relational Constraints

交通救援站选址问题中数据之间的关系不确定,信息的完整程度不高,同时交通救援中心的选址严格要求时效性。理想灰关联约束模型优先考虑应急救援的时效问题,其次考虑影响选址的其他因素。第1步依靠中值选址模型,以最短路径矩阵为基础,结合最长路径O(n)算法得到局部中心距离,以时间约束为衡量要素筛选出主要的候选地址。第2步利用趋近理想灰关联投影的多约束决策模型,将决策方案抽象化,通过把交通负荷量、物资补给能力等指标量化,建立决策矩阵。取方案中指标最优化和最差化状态下的正负灰色关联矩阵,结合指标权重向量,得到灰色关联投影系数,接近正理想方案的程度量化为Ei,远离负理想方案的程度量化为(1-Ei),从而实现统一衡量接近度与远离度的目的。投影系数最大的方案为最优方案。结果表明:综合模型将灰色系统理论、优劣解距离法和矢量投影方法结合,利用了P-中值模型与趋近于理想灰关联投影;决策过程通过实际算例进行详细的阐述,证明了趋近理想灰关联多约束中值模型的可行性,解决了交通救援站选址过程中模糊信息的处理问题;将多目标决策模型应用到交通救援站的实际选址中,能为方案的决策提供更为可靠的科学依据。实际算例表明:该方法可行、有效,对交通救援站的选址具有指导意义。

The relationships between data are uncertain in traffic rescue station location problem,the information does not have a high integrity level,while traffic rescue center location requires timeliness strictly. Ideal grey correlation constraint model gives priority to the timeliness emergency rescue,then considers the other factors influencing the location. First,relying on the median location model,based on the shortest path matrix,the longest path O（ n） algorithm is used to get the local center distance,and the time constraints are regarded as the measuring factors to select the major candidate address. Second,using the multiple constraints decision model which approaching ideal grey relation projection,the decision-making scheme is abstracted,the decision-making matrix is established through quantization of the indices such astraffic load and material supply ability. Taking the positive and negative grey correlation matrixes under the best and the worst index conditions in the scheme,the grey relation projection coefficient is obtained combining with the index weight vector. The level closing to the positive ideal scheme is quantized as Ei,and the level stays away from the negative ideal scheme is quantized as（1-Ei）,thus a unified measurement of degrees of closing and staying away is realized. The scheme with maximum projection coefficient is the optimal solution. The result shows that（1） the comprehensive model combined the grey system theory,the advantages and disadvantages solution distance method and vector projection method,and it used the P-median model with grey relation projection tends to be ideal;（ 2） a detailed explanation is made in the decision-making process through a practical example,which proved the feasibility of the multiple constraint median model tends to be ideal grey relation,it solved the fuzzy information processing problem in the process of location of traffic rescue station;（ 3） the multi-objective decision-making model is applied to the actual location of the traffic rescue station,which can provide a more reliable scientific basis for decision-making of the scheme. The actual example shows that the method is feasible and effective,it has a guiding significance to the location of traffic rescue station.