新型液体保水剂对冬小麦生长及产量的影响

Efficacy of a Liquid Water-retaining Enhancer in Improving Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

【目的】阐明新型液体保水剂对冬小麦生长及产量的影响。【方法】采用大田完全随机试验设计方法,设置添加固体保水剂(K1)和新型液体保水剂(K2)处理,以不施用保水剂(CK)为对照,研究了不同用量保水剂(C1:30 kg/hm^2、C2:60 kg/hm^2、C3:90 kg/hm^2)对冬小麦株高、叶面积指数及产量的影响。【结果】(1)保水剂不但提高了各生育期的土壤含水率,还促进了冬小麦的生长,拔节期K2处理冬小麦株高均值分别比CK和K1处理高13.6%和2.6%。(2)冬小麦生育期前195 d,K1C1和K1C2处理叶面积指数显著高于K1C3处理,K2处理叶面积指数随施用量的增加而增加;200 d后,K2C1和K2C2处理叶面积指数显著高于其他处理。(3)K2处理成穗数分别比CK和K1处理高8.7%和14.6%,K2处理产量均值为11 973.2 kg/hm^2,分别比CK和K1处理高22.3%和13.6%,并且当K2处理施用量为60 kg/hm^2时,产量达到最大值12 818.2 kg/hm^2。【结论】K2处理对冬小麦生长和增产的效果明显,且用量为60 kg/hm^2时效果最佳。

【Objective】Drought is a common abiotic stress impacting agricultural production. Amending soil with water-retaining enhancers is a way to improve soil moisture and ameliorate water stress.【Method】A randomized experiment was conducted aiming to investigated the efficacy of amending soil with a liquid water-retaining enhancer（K2） to improve growth and yield of winter wheat in comparison with amendment with a solid water-retaining enhancer（K1） and no amendment（CK）. The enhances were applied at 30 kg/km^2（C1）, 60 kg/km^2（C2）and 90 kg/km^2（C3） respectively. During the experiment, we measured the plant height, leaf-area index and yield of the winter wheat.【Result】（1）Amending the soil with the liquid water-retaining enhancer increased soil moisture, and thus the plant growth, by 13.6% and 2.6% respectively compared to CK and K1.（2）After195 days, the leaf area index under K2＋C1 and K2＋C2 was significantly higher than those under K1＋C3. In the two K2 treatments, the leaf area index increased with the chemical application and after 200 days, it was significantly higher than those under other treatments.（3） Compared with CK and K1, K2 increased the plant panicles by 8.7% and14.6% respectively, and had an average yield of 11 973.2 kg/hm^2, increasing by 22.3% and 13.6% respectively.The highest yield was 12 818.2 kg/hm^2, achieved in K2＋C3.【Conclusion】Amending soil with the liquid waterretaining enhancer noticeably improved the growth and yield of the winter wheat, and the optimal application rate in our experiments was 60 kg/hm^2.