十六烷基氯化吡啶改性无机黏土/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能

Structure and properties of cetylpyridinium chloride modified inorganic clay/nitrile rubber nanocomposites

采用十六烷基氯化吡啶(CPC)改性无机黏土(蒙脱土,MMT)并制备橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料,研究了有机黏土/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料(NBRCNs)的结构、力学性能和微观相态。结果表明,CPC改性MMT所制备NBRCNs中有机黏土的片层间距5.10 nm要大于十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性MMT的4.41 nm,表明其形成了更多的插层结构。当MMT与改性剂的质量比为2.5/1.0时,CPC改性MMT所制备NBRCNs的拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别为4.72 MPa和26.66 kN/m,较CTAB改性MMT的3.28 MPa和16.50 kN/m分别提高了44%和62%,且前者所制备NBRCNs的相态分散程度比后者更加细致均匀。将CPC改性MMT用于添加丁腈橡胶等极性橡胶的增强效果要优于添加丁苯橡胶等非极性橡胶。

Modified by cetylpyridinium chloride （ CPC ）, the inorganic clay （ montmorillonite, MMT） was used to prepare elay/nitrile rubber nanocomposites, and the structure, mechanical properties and micromorphology of organic MMT/nitrile rubber nanocomposites （NBRCNs） were studied. The results showed that the spacing of layers of CPC modified MMT in NBRCNs （5.10 nm） was greater than that of cetyhrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） modified MMT（4.41 nm） , indicating the formation of more intercalated structures. When mass ratio of MMT to modifier was 2.5/1.0, the tensile strength and tear strength of NBRCNs filled with CPC modified MMT were 4.72 MPa and 26.66 kN/m respectively compared to 3.28 MPa and 16.50 kN/m of CTAB modified MMT, which increased by 44% and 62% seperately. And the distribution of dispersed phase in NBRCNs prepared by the former was finer and more uniform than that by the latter. The enhancement effect of CPC modified MMT on polar rubbers such as nitrile rubber was better than that on non-polar rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber.