《资本论》方法的当代意义

The Contemporary Significance of the Method of Das Kapital

马克思学说的当代意义首先是方法论性质的,而《资本论》无疑最为系统而深入地展现出马克思方法的本质特征。作为辩证法,《资本论》方法首先表现为历史的观点或历史批判的方法。由于历史进程是通过特定的实体性内容展开并具体化的,所以辩证法不可能是任何一种意义上的形式方法。《资本论》方法的本体论基础是"实在主体"(即既定社会)的自我活动,正是这一基础拒绝各种形式的"外部反思",而要求面向既定社会的自我活动,并由之深入到历史的本质性之中。因此,这一方法在有助于把握当代世界之本质的同时,将从整体上极大地推进当代中国的哲学社会科学研究。

The contemporary significance of Marx＇s theory is first of all its methodological na- ture. Das Kapital is undoubtedly the most systematic and in-depth manifestation of the essential characteristics of Marx＇s method. As a dialectic, the methodology of Das Kapital first appears as a historical viewpoint or a method of historical criticism. Since the historical process is carried out and materialized through specific substantive content, dialectics can not be any form of means in all senses. The foundation of Das Kapital is the self activity of the ＂real subject＂ （the established society）. This foundation refuses all forms of ＂external reflection＂. Therefore this method not only helps us to grasp the essence of the contemporary world, but also will greatly promote contem- porary Chinese philosophy and social science research.