深层煤炭地下气化技术与中国天然气自给能力分析

Suggestions on China's natural gas self-sufficiency by deep coal underground gasification technology

中国旺盛的天然气需求和丰富的煤炭资源禀赋,促使煤炭资源作为潜在的"可转化油气"进入了油气市场。石油工程技术的持续进步,尤其是煤层水平井和连续油管技术的进步,促进了现代煤炭地下气化技术尤其是深层煤炭地下气化(UCG)技术的发展,有望解放井工无法开采利用的巨量深层煤炭资源,综合效益可观。深层煤炭地下气化相关理论和主体技术已经基本成熟,与地面煤制天然气相比,成本优势明显,环保优势突出,商业化应用潜力巨大。近年来我国针对浅层煤炭开展了大量攻关试验,但尚未涉及深层矿场试验。深层煤炭地下气化属于典型的跨学科、跨行业的高精尖技术,其核心技术是煤层精细勘探、水平井钻完井和以连续油管为基础的生产测控技术等。石油企业需要充分发挥工程技术优势,联合多行业开展技术攻关和集成创新,力争成为深层煤炭地下气化技术的引领者。中国丰富的深层煤炭资源,借助深层煤炭地下气化技术将得到有效的开发利用,从根本上提高国产天然气的自给能力。

China＇s vigorous natural gas demand and abundant coal resources endowment have promoted coal resources to convert to potential oil and gas and enter the oil and gas market. The continuous progress of petroleum engineering technologies, especially horizontal well and coiled tubing technology, have facilitated the development of modem underground coal gasification （UCG） technology, and the deep coal underground gasification technology. It is expected to liberate huge deep coal resources and yield considerable economic benefits, which could not be exploited and utilized through underground mining. The theory and main technologies about deep UCG have been basically mature. In comparison with the ground coal gas, deep UCG holds obvious advantages in cost save, environmental protection, and the commercial application potential. In recent years, a lot of UCG experiments were carried out in shallow coal seams in China, but none for the deep coal. Deep UCG is a typically cross-discipline, cross-industry and high-tech with such core technologies as coal seam fine exploration, horizontal well drilling and completion, and gasification monitoring and control associated with coiled tubing. It is necessary for petroleum enterprises to be the leader of deep UCG technology by fully utilizing their advantages in engineering and technology and jointly promoting technological breakthrough and integration innovation with multiple industries. Effectively developing and utilizing tremendous deep coal resources will significantly enhance the capability of domestic natural gas self- sufficiency by deep UCG technology.