6种杀虫剂对蚕豆象成虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价

Toxicity and field efficacy of six insecticides against adults of Bruchus rufimanus

蚕豆象严重危害蚕豆生产,常造成蚕豆产量损失,商品价值丧失。为了筛选蚕豆象防治的高效药剂,本研究选用6种常规杀虫剂开展了室内毒力测定和田间药效评价,结果显示,处理48h后,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME对蚕豆象的毒力最高,5%阿维毒死蜱EC毒力最低,LC50分别为2.451mg/L和23.867mg/L,6种药剂毒力大小排序:2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME>5%啶虫脒EC>10.7%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WG>5%吡虫啉EC>20%阿维·杀虫单ME>5%阿维·毒死蜱EC;田间防效结果表明,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME防效最高,5%啶虫脒EC次之,两者防效均在75%以上,显著高于其他药剂。6种药剂防效大小排序:2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME>5%啶虫脒EC>5%吡虫啉EC>10.7%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WG>5%阿维·毒死蜱EC>20%阿维·杀虫单ME。据此可知,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME对蚕豆象具有较高的毒力和较好的防效,建议在生产中应用,但需注意与其他农药交替使用,避免产生抗药性。

Broad bean weevil,Bruchus rufimanus,the most destructive pest of broad bean crops,often causes yield loss and poor commodity value.In order to seek the most efficient insecticides for broad bean weevil controlling,we carried out indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy evaluation of six insecticides against adults of B.rufimanus.The results showed that the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME was the most strongest with the LC50 value of 2.451 mg/L after the treatments for 48 h,and abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC was most weak with the LC50 value of 23.867 mg/L.The toxicity order of six pesticides from high to low was as follows：lambdacyhalothrin 2.5% ME〉acetamiprid5% EC〉emamectin benzoate 10.7% WGimidacloprid5% EC〉abamectin·monosultap 20% ME〉abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC.Field trials showed that lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME had the best control effect,acetamiprid 5% EC took the second place,both efficacies were more than 75%,significantly higher than other pesticides.The order of six insecticides control effect from high to low was as follows：lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5% ME〉acetamiprid 5% EC〉imidacloprid 5% EC〉emamectin benzoate 10.7%WG〉abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% ECabamectin·monosultap20% ME.In conclusion,lambda-cyhalothrin had the best insecticidal activity and the best control effect against B.rufimanus,which can be recommended to be applied in practice.However,it is necessary to pay attention to use alternately with other insecticides for avoiding drug resistance development.