除草剂防治宽叶酢浆草的田间药效评价

Evaluation of herbicide control efficacy on Oxalis latifoliain the field

宽叶酢浆草为近年来入侵云南夏秋玉米地和马铃薯地的外来检疫性杂草。利用田间小区试验评价了几种除草剂对玉米地和马铃薯地宽叶酢浆草的控制效果。结果表明,土壤处理剂对玉米地和马铃薯地的宽叶酢浆草的防除效果均较差,药剂处理45d后,株防效和鲜重防效均低于30%。玉米地茎叶处理剂的防除效果明显优于土壤处理剂,其中,41%草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂对宽叶酢浆草的45d株防效和鲜重防效均超过98%,除40g/L烟嘧磺隆OD,其他除草剂株防效和鲜重防效均低于80%,具体的株防效顺序为:41%草甘膦异丙胺盐AS>40g/L烟嘧磺隆OD>200g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC>30%苯唑草酮SC>13%2甲4氯钠AS。马铃薯地茎叶处理剂的防除效果较差,鲜重防效高于株防效,但均低于30%。45d的株防效和鲜重防效顺序均为13%砜嘧·精喹OD>480g/L灭草松AS>25%砜嘧磺隆WG。

Oxalis latifolia is an alien quarantine weed,and invades summer-autumn maize and potato fields in Yunnan Province recently.In this study,several herbicides were evaluated for their control efficacies on O.latifoliain the maize and potato fields.The results showed that the effects of soil finishing agent on O.latifolia were less than 30% whether on weed number or fresh weight 45 d after application in the maize and potato fields.The effects of stem and leaf herbicides were better than soil finishing agent in maize fields.Among which,the effect of glyphosate-isopropylammonium41% AS 〉was greater than 98% on weed number or fresh weight 45 d after application,whereas the control efficacies of most tested herbicides were lower than 80%.The control effects of herbicides on weed number ranked as glyphosate isopropylammonium 41% AS nicosulfuron 40 g/L OD fluroxypyr 200 g/L ECtopramezone 30% SC MCPA-Na 13% AS.The efficacies of stem and leaf herbicides on weed fresh weight were less than 30%.The ranking of control effect on weed number control and fresh weight was rimsulfuron＋quizalofop-P-ethyl 13% OD 〉bentazone 480 g/L AS〉rimsulfuron 25% WG.