起伏冰表面轮廓提取及其起伏程度分析方法

Surface profile extraction and its irregularity analysisof irregular ice

冰水界面的声反射、声散射是冰下声传播、冰下混响特性的研究基础,然而粗糙冰水界面的起伏度是影响反射、散射的重要因素。因此有效提取冰水界面起伏轮廓及正确分析起伏程度的方法对冰下声反射、声散射的研究具有重要意义。针对有效提取粗糙冰水界面起伏轮廓的问题,提出了印模加图像处理的方法,即采用数字图像处理中形态学的闭运算、膨胀及边缘提取方法对印模图像进行处理,从而得到粗糙冰水界面起伏轮廓。然后,采用统计直方图、高阶统计量和粗糙度计算来联合分析冰水界面起伏度。最后,通过实验室试验验证了粗糙冰水界面起伏轮廓提取方法的可行性,验证了起伏度联合分析方法能够有效地分辨并比较冰表面轮廓起伏程度的大小及统计特性,为后续实验室条件下研究不同起伏情况的冰下声反射系数、声散射系数变化规律提供必要的技术支撑。

The acoustic reflection and acoustic scattering at the ice-water interface are the basis for the study of under-ice sound transmission and reverberation characteristics. However,the roughness of the ice-water interface is an important factor affecting the reflection and scattering. Therefore,extractingthe contoursof the ice-water interfaceeffectively and analyzing the degree of undulation correctly are ofgreat significance for the research on under-ice acoustic reflection and acoustic scattering. Aiming at the contours extractionof rough ice-water interface,a method of stamping and image processing is proposed. The digital image processing is performed by using the morphological closing operation,expansion and edge extraction methods,to obtain thesurface profile of the rough ice water interface. Then,the statistical histogram,high-order statistics and roughness calculation are used to analyze the ice-water interface fluctuation together. Finally,the feasibility of the proposed methodis verified by laboratory experiments. It is provedthat the joint analysis method can effectively distinguish and compare the size and statistical characteristics of ice surface contours. It can provide necessary technical support to study the under-ice reflection coefficient and scattering coefficient under different the contours of rough ice-water interface in the laboratory conditions.