广州市中学生学习压力源与睡眠质量的关系

Academic pressure and sleep quality among secondary school students in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市中学生学习压力源与睡眠质量现状及其关系,为有效缓解学习压力和提高睡眠质量提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,选取广州市14所初中和高中共5 781名学生进行学习压力源(SSA)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quditg Index,PSQI)问卷调查。结果中学生学习压力源总分为(2.67±0.75)分,其中普通中学高于重点中学学生(t=-6.167,P<0.01);不同年级学生学习压力源得分差异有统计学意义(F=13.65,P<0.01)。广州市中学生的PSQI总分为(6.45±2.86)分,睡眠问题检出率为33.06%;随着学习压力等级由低到高,睡眠障碍检出率逐渐提高,且呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,影响睡眠质量的因素主要有年级、住宿、中等及以上的任务要求压力、很大的自我发展压力和性别(P值均<0.05)。结论中学生学习压力与睡眠质量关系密切,但需要学习压力达到足够的程度才可以导致睡眠质量的下降。应引导学生积极应对压力,降低压力强度,从而有效提高睡眠质量。

Objective To explore association between academic pressure with sleep quality among secondary school students in Guangzhou. Methods By using stratified random cluster sampling, 5 781 students from 14 secondary schools in Guangzhou were chosen and investigated with SSA and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（ PSQI）. Results The score of academic pressure was 2.67±0. 75 among secondary school students, of which common secondary school students were significantly higher than key secondary school students（ P〈0.01）. There was significant positive association between academic pressure and grade（ P〈0.01）. The total score of PSQI was 6. 45 ± 2. 86. The prevalence of sleep problem was 33. 06%. PSQI score associated with the prevalence of sleep disturbance. Factors associated with sleep quality mainly included grade, accommodation, above average level academic pressure and high self-development pressure. Conclusion Academic pressure among secondary school students is closely related to sleep quality, but only under certain level, would it associates with poor sleep quality. Appropriate management on academic pressure might help improving sleep quality among secondary school students in Guangzhou.