上海市2006—2016年戊型病毒性肝炎的时空分布特征分析

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of hepatitis E in Shanghai, 2006-2016

目的分析2006--2016年上海市戊型病毒性肝炎（戊肝）空间聚集性和时空分布特征，为戊肝防控工作提供依据。方法戊肝发病数据和医疗机构诊疗信息来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统。地理信息数据来源于上海市测绘院提供，地图比例为l：750000。采用ArcGIS10．1软件对戊肝发病数据的空间聚集性进行全局和局部自相关分析，采用SaTScan9．4．4软件对戊肝发病数据的时空聚集性进行时空扫描分析。结果2006--2016年上海市累计报告戊肝病例6048例，年均发病率为2．14／10万。空间自相关分析显示，戊肝发病率存在空间正相关，“高一高”聚集区域主要位于上海市中心城区，发病率存在明显的时空聚集性特征。结论掌握2006--2016年上海市戊肝发病数据的空间分布特点、时空聚集区域等时空分布特征，对于合理配置公共卫生资源、有效预防和控制戊肝，有重要的公共卫生学意义。

Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics and spatial-temporal distribution of hepatitis E in Shanghai between 2006 and 2016. Methods The reported incidence of hepatitis E and health facilities＇ information between 2006 and 2016 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The geographic information were from Shanghai Surveying and Mapping Institute. The map scale was 1 ： 750 000. Global and local autocorrelation, and spatial-temporal detection methods were applied to determine the spatial-temporal characteristics of hepatitis E. Software ArcGIS 10.1 was used to analyze global and local spatial auto correlation of hepatitis E spatial clusters. Software SaTScan 9.4.4 was used to conduct scan for exploring the areas of hepatitis E temporal spatial clusters. Results A total of 6 048 cases of hepatitis E were reported in Shanghai during 2006-2016. The average incidence was 2.14/100 000. Spatial auto correlation analysis indicated that there was significant spatial positive correlations and spatial-temporal clustering of hepatitis E in Shanghai, and the ＂high-high cluster＂ was mainly located in the downtown of the city. Conclusion Understanding the spatial-temporal clustering areas of hepatitis E cases in Shanghai from 2006 to 2016 is important to the reasonable allocation of public health resources and effective prevention and control of hepatitis E.