凤丹牡丹籽油的提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

Optimization of extraction process of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.( Fengdan) seed oil and its fatty acid composition

对常规正己烷提取法提取凤丹牡丹籽油的工艺进行了优化,并与超声辅助正己烷提取法进行了比较,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)确定了凤丹牡丹籽油的脂肪酸组成。结果表明:常规正己烷提取法提取凤丹牡丹籽油的最优条件为料液比1∶6、提取时间8 h、提取温度65℃,在此条件下牡丹籽油得率为30.67%,提取率达93.5%;超声辅助正己烷提取法在超声功率350 W、超声时间20 min、提取温度50℃、料液比1∶6条件下,牡丹籽油得率为30.63%,提取率达93.4%。凤丹牡丹籽油以亚麻酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主,其不饱和脂肪酸及亚麻酸含量分别达85.47%和60.074%。与常规正己烷提取法相比,超声辅助正己烷提取凤丹牡丹籽油具有提取效率高、提取温度低等优势,有利于保证牡丹籽油品质。

The extraction process of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. （Fengdan） seed oil by conventional hex- ane extraction method was optimized, and was compared with the ultrasound - assisted hexane extraction method. The fatty acid composition of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. （Fengdan） seed oil was determined by GC - MS. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. （ Feng- dan） seed oil by conventional hexane extraction method were obtained as follows： solid -liquid ratio 1 ： 6, extraction time 8 h and extraction temperature 65 ~C. Under these conditions, the yield and extrac- tion rate were 30.67% and 93.5%, respectively. Under the conditions of ultrasound power 350 W, ultrasonic time 20 min, extraction temperature 50 ~C and solid - liquid ratio 1 ： 6 by ultrasound - assisted hexane extraction method, the yield and extraction rate were 30.63% and 93.4%, respectively. The main fatty acids in Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. （Fengdan） seed oil were palmitic acid, linoleic acid, lino- lenic acid and stearic acid, and the contents of unsaturated fatty acid and linolenic acid were 85.47% and 60. 074%, respectively. Compared with the conventional hexane extraction method, the ultrasound - assisted hexane extraction method had advantages of high extraction efficiency and low extraction tempera- ture, etc.