中国地方政府“督考融合”发展路径探讨

A Study on the Development Path of Integration of Supervision and Performance Evaluation in Chinese Local Government

如何提高政府部门的执行力是行政学研究的核心主题,也是建构服务型政府和效能政府的关键。督促检查与绩效考核均是政府抓工作落实、提高执行力的有效手段,然而在地方政府实践中,"重年终考核、轻平时督查;重视领导部署、忽视公众意见"等问题较为突出,督查与绩效评估工作两条线脱节,多部门推动下工作合力的缺失常常造成落实无力的窘境。"督考融合"作为地方政府整合多方力量,提高政府执行力的有益探索,是政府职能同构下督查与考核在组织领导、体制保证、机构设置等方面的有机融合。通过多案例分析发现,地方政府实践探索已形成了"党政督考一体化"和"政府督考一体化"的督考融合范式。总结提炼出督考合一经验性理论,理清督查与考核之间的关系及作用机理,促进多方力量的有机融合,形成工作合力,对提高政府管理效能,构建有效性和服务型政府具有重要的理论和现实意义。

How to improve the effectiveness of government departments is the core theme of public administration research,and the key issue of building service government and effective government. Supervision and inspection,performance appraisal and public comment are the effective means of the government to grasp the implementation of the responsibility,but in the actual operation of the local government,＂the end of the year assessment lights supervision;focus on leadership,neglects of public opinion;Long repeated supervision,supervision and examination out of touch＂and other issues are more prominent,supervision and performance evaluation work parallel to the two lines,for lack of cooperation,multi-force to promote the work cause the dilemma＂unable to implement＂. The integration of＂supervision and examination＂,as a local government performance management localization practice,is the organic integration of the organization and leadership,system assurance,institutional setting,functional positioning and other aspects under the same government functions structure. Through the multi-case analysis,it is found that the local government has explored the empirical formula of＂the integration of party and government supervision and examination＂and＂the integration of government supervision and examination＂,and summed up the empirical theory. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarify the characteristics of the two paradigms in the theoretical level,the relationship between the inspectors and assessors and the mechanism of action,to further promote the organic integration of multi-party forces,the formation of work together for promoting scientific decision-making,improving administrative efficiency.