汉学家译者文化译介操作规范

Cultural Translation Norms of Sinologist Translators

通过自建汉学家英译小说双语平行语料库,对有关中国文化元素的译介操作规范进行标注、统计和分析,发现汉学家译者总体上遵循"以读者为导向,兼顾文化特色性和译文接受性"的操作规范,具体表现为直译显化文化意象、归化顺应读者期待和变译求同文化差异。汉学家译者倾向于对乡土方言、口头称谓、宗教文化词、度量衡单位、特色民俗文化等进行归化处理,采用直译、直译加注、直译加释和直译加意译等方式对文化意象进行显化明示,全译变译相结合进行文化译介,出现频次较高的变译方法有增译、阐释、缩译和改译。

Based on the self-built bilingual parallel corpus of novels translated by accomplished Sinologist translators, this study aims to summarize the operational nora, s of cultural translation adopted by sinologist translators. It found that sinologist translators generally follow the operation nomls of reader-oriented cultural explieitation, namely to explicit cultural image by literal translation, comply with readers＇ expectations by domestication and bridge cultural differenees by variation translation. Sinologist translators tend to use domestication to deal with local dialects, oral appellations, religious and cultural words, measure and weights units and folk culture. Four types of literal translation techniques, namely literal translation, literal translation with notes, literal translation addition, direct translation and interperetation, and the combination of literal and free translation, are frequently used to explieitate Chinese cultural images. The most commonly adopted variation translation methods include amplification, intepreretation, reduction and adaptation.