传统技艺的专利法保护路径探究——以歙县徽墨的保护为例

Study on Protection Path of Traditional Skills by Patent Law:A Case Study of the Protection of Inkstick in Shexian

传统技艺作为非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分,有较强的技术性和较高的商业开发价值,通过《中华人民共和国专利法》实现对传统技艺的保护,对提高传承人在传统技艺创新方面的积极性,推动传统技艺实现商业化发展具有重要作用。但是传统技艺因其传承性、集体性等特征,在实用性、新颖性、创造性和主体设定等方面与现行法规难以实现有效衔接。文章通过对传统技艺权利主体、保护标准等问题的探讨,提出在专利申请标准上对传统技艺开放口径,将是对传统技艺保护的有效措施。

As an important part of the intangible cultural heritage, traditional skills have strong technicality and high commercial development values. The protection of traditional skills by the Patent Law of the People＇s Republic of China plays an important role in improving the enthusiasm of the inheritors in the traditional technological innovation and promoting the commercialization of traditional skills. However, because of its inheritance, collectiveness and other characteristics, traditional skills are dif ficult to achieve effective connection with the current law in the aspects of practicality, novelty, crea tivity and subject setting. Through the discussion of the rights subject and the protection standard of the traditional skills, it is proposed that relaxing for the traditional skills in the application standard of the patent will be an effective measure for the protection of traditional skills.