处所倒装结构的句法生成与动词类型

On the syntax of locative inversion construction and its verb types

处所倒装结构一直是学界的研究热点,文章在Kuwabara(1995)和Nakajima(1993,2001)基础上,进一步尝试回答两个问题:一个是该结构的句法生成问题,另一个是该结构的动词类型问题。通过对英语和日语处所倒装结构的对比考察,文章认为该结构中的动词具有非宾格性,支持前人认为存在两种未实现为语音的抽象非宾格动词(空BE和空COME)的观点,并据此提出了该结构中心语到中心语移位的句法生成方式。日语处所结构中的空中心语BE和COME分别对应于日语中的词缀-iru和-kuru,并且词缀的类型与前置的PP的类型有紧密关系。此外,还区分了该结构的部分性和处所性语义关系。

It has always been a hot topic for the locative inversion construction( LIC) in linguistics research circles. This paper,based on Kuwabara( 1995) and Nakajima( 1993,2001),attempts to inquire two questions: the syntactic derivation of LIC on the one hand,and verb types on the other hand. Comparing LIC in Japanese and English,it argues that verbs in the LIC take unaccusative property and this supports the claim that there are two unaccusative verbs with unphonetical realization. It further proposes the syntactic generation of LIC. The null heads BE and COME in Japanese LIC correspond to the suffix-iru and-kuru,respectively. The suffix types have a close connection with the preposed PP type. It distinguishes the partial relation from locative relation of LIC as well.