昆明市农村地下水中金属污染分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Metal Pollution in Groundwater in Rural Kunming

为了解昆明市农村地下水水质状况,利用ICP-AES对昆明市匡远镇3个村庄的地下水中Cu、Zn、Mn、Pb进行分析测定。结果表明,4个采样点地下水样品中,金属元素Cu含量0.026 5~0.293 0 mg/L、Zn含量0.036 3~0.047 9 mg/L、Mn含量0.116~1.571 mg/L、Pb含量0.225~0.481 mg/L。通过污染指数P_i可知,P_((Cu))、P_((Zn))均小于1,表明该区域未受Cu、Zn的污染;而P_((Pb))、P_((Mn))大于1,表明该区域地下水受Pb、Mn不同程度的污染,其中Pb为最主要的污染物。长期施用化肥可能是当地地下水产生污染的原因,因此建议合理规划使用化肥。

To understand the quality of rural groundwater in Kunming city, metals as Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb in groundwater of three villages in Kuangyuan town, Kunming city were determined by ICP - AES. It showed that in the samples from these villages, the contents of Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb were 0.026 5 - 0.293 0 mg/L, 0.036 3 - 0.047 9 mg/L, 0.116 - 1.571 mg/L and 0.225 - 0.481 mg/L. By calculating Pi that is the pollution index, we can know that P（Cu） and P（Zn） are less than 1, which indicates that this area is not polluted by Cu and Zn. P（Pb） and P（Mn） are higher than 1, which indicated that groundwater in this region is polluted by Pb and Mn to different degrees. The long-term use of chemical fertilizers may be the cause of contamination of local groundwater, so it is recommended to rationally plan the use of chemical fertilizers.