“空巢青年”的健康状况与生活状态研究

Study on the Health and Living Status of Off Nest Youth

"空巢青年"现象近来受到热议,关于"空巢青年"健康状况与生活状态的观点不一。文章基于2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据,采用多元回归估计与倾向得分匹配法实证检验了"空巢青年"与普通青年的健康状况与生活状态的差异。研究发现,"空巢青年"与普通青年的躯体健康状况并无明显不同,但在精神健康与生活状态方面,"空巢青年"的抑郁程度更高,生活满意度与幸福感更低;群组比较结果表明,男性、低学历和低收入的"空巢青年"与普通青年的精神健康和生活状态的差距更大;此外,文章还发现,除"空巢青年"在一定程度上比普通青年的孤独情绪略高外,个人预期与现状间的落差以及个人追求与父母期望间的矛盾也是"空巢青年"精神健康与生活状态低于普通青年的重要原因。

The off-nest youth has been broadly discussed from different views point about their health and living status.Based on the data of 2014 China Family Panel Study, this paper verifies the difference between the health and living statusof the off - nest youth and these living around their parents by using multiple regression estimation and propensity scorematching method. The findings show that the off-nest youth are different from the other youth in mental health and mentalstatus with higher degree of depression, lower life satisfaction and low sense of happiness, though there are no significantdifference in physical health status between the off-nest youth and the other youth. Furthermore, the male off-nest youthwith lower education and income show even great gap in mental health and mental status comparing with other youth. Thecauses for their mental depression, lower life satisfaction and low sense of happiness include the gap between their expectedliving status and the real status and the gap of their expectance and their parents’ expectance.