成人拔牙正畸后面部软组织变化的三维研究

Study of 3D facial soft-tissue changes in extraction adult patients

目的通过三维面部扫描比较正畸拔牙与非拔牙矫治后面部软组织变化的差异。方法将就诊患者正畸治疗方案分为拔牙与不拔牙两组，拔牙组12例，不拔牙组10例。矫治前后采用结构光三维照相机获取患者三维面相。采用Rapidform2006软件重叠矫治前后面相，将面部按解剖结构特点分为九个区，利用距离图示法分析面部各区的三维变化，同时应用SPSS 16.0统计软件对治疗前后组内及组间变化行统计学分析。结果两组患者在矫治中BMI指数未有显著统计学差异。根据面部变化分析：不拔牙患者具有面部增大、不变，和颊肌区、咬肌区、颏肌下区这三个变小区域，而拔牙组面部轮廓均表现为缩小或不变，不含增大区域。结论成人正畸治疗后面部软组织三维变化，无论拔牙与否，咬肌区和颊肌区均表现为缩小，眶下区和颧肌区均无明显改变，而两组在上下唇红区、口轮匝肌区、颏唇沟区的变化方向相反并有显著性差异。

ObjectiveTo compare the difference of facial soft-tissue changes of extraction and nonextraction treatment by 3D facial scanning.MethodsAccording to the treatment plans, patients were divided into two groups： extraction groups—12 specimens and nonextraction group—10 specimens.We got patients＇ three-dimensional facial surfaces based on structured light techniques. We superimposited 3D face soft tissue pre-and posttreatment by Rapidforme 2006, reverse engineering sofeware, was the software platform for data analysis. We divided inferior the face 2/3 into nine areas accordding to facial anatomical structure, and used shell- to shell- deviation function in Rapidform 2006 to compare data which collected from pre-post treatment of extration and nonextraction.ResultsThe two sets patients have on difference on BMI index. The ranked data analysis of extent variation of facial changes showed： Nonextraction patients had changes in difference subunits of face. some subunits became expander, some shrink, and some no changes; but subunits in extraction patients have no areas becoming expander.ConclusionsFacial tissue changes had different tendencys about extraction and nonextraction.