《资本论》关于资本主义正义的“四个悖论”

The Four Paradoxes in Das Kapital Concerning the Justice of Capitalism

关于分析马克思主义"剥削是否正义"问题的思考,需要从马克思的"政治经济学批判"中寻找答案。在《资本论》中,马克思揭示了资本主义社会正义原则与其生产方式之间的"四个悖论"——劳动价值论悖论、私有制度悖论、自由平等悖论和功利主义悖论。资本主义的这些社会基本正义原则会随着历史的发展与资本主义生产方式之间不断产生矛盾与对立。而资本主义剥削的"非正义性",恰恰是从这些"悖论"之中逐步展开的,资本主义的剥削并非天然合理。

To understand Marxist view of ＂whether oppression is just＂, we need to look at Marx＇s Critique of Political Economics. In Das Kapital, Marx exposes paradoxes concerning capitalist mode of production and basic principles of social justice, that is, labor value, the private system, freedom and equality, and utilitarianism. These basic principles of social justice will be constantly in conflict with Capitalist mode of production. The injustice of Capitalist oppression comes right out of these paradoxes, discrediting the logic that it is natural and reasonable.