42个苹果属种质资源抗寒性初步鉴定

Preliminary Identification of Cold Resistance in Fourty-two of Malus Germplasm

该试验以42个苹果属砧木的一年生休眠枝条为试材,进行-20、-25、-30、-35、-40℃人工低温冷冻处理,测定供试枝条的相对电导率,在此基础上采用方程拟合求得半致死温度,初步确定42种苹果属砧木的抗寒性,并将供试品种根据半致死温度高低进行抗寒性分类。试验结果表明,随着处理温度的降低供试材料的相对电导率逐渐升高;半致死温度最低的为山定子,最高的为沧江海棠,分别为-45.762 4、-26.528 3℃;将42个苹果属砧木根据抗寒性相对强弱分为3类。

The study was carried out with one-year-old branches of fourty-two Malus rootstocks germplasm.By the temperature treatment of-20、-25、-30、-35 and-40 ℃,the relative electrical conductivity was tested under different low temperature conditions.The semi-lethal temperature（LT50） was conducted by the relative electrical conductivity. The cold resistance of rootstock was preliminarily evaluation,and it was classified by semilethal low temperature.The results showed that the electrical conductance was negatively correlated to the low temperature. The lowest semilethal low temperature is M.baccata Barkh and the highest is M.ombrophila Hand.-Mazz. Their LT50 are-45.762 4 ℃ and-26.528 3 ℃ respectively. The 42 Malus rootstock germplasm were divided into 3 groups based on their relative cold resistance.