清脑通络方对老年性阿尔茨海默病大鼠海马突触结构的重建作用

Reconstruction of Qingnao Tongluo Prescription on Synaptic Structure in Hippocampus of Rats with Senile Alzheimer's Disease

目的:观察清脑通络方对老年性阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)模型大鼠海马突触结构的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为青年组、老年组、模型组、石杉碱甲组、清脑通络方组。除青年组和老年组外,其他各组大鼠注射D-半乳糖和鹅膏蕈氨酸到基底前脑进行造模。造模成功后,清脑通络方组大鼠灌胃清脑通络方6 g/(kg·d),石杉碱甲组大鼠灌胃石杉碱甲0.3 mg/(kg·d),青年组、老年组、模型组大鼠以等体积生理盐水灌胃,连续4周。电镜观察大鼠海马CA1区和CA3区分子层突触特征,用体视学方法分析海马CA1区和CA3区突触数密度(N_v)、突触连接带面密度(S_v)和突触连接带平均面积(S)。结果:老年组大鼠CA1区和CA3区突触数密度、突触面密度与青年组比较无明显变化。与老年组比较,模型组大鼠CA1区和CA3区突触数密度、突触面密度显著降低(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,清脑通络方组大鼠在CA1区和CA3区的突触数密度、突触面密度显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01);石杉碱甲组大鼠在CA1区和CA3区的突触数密度增加,在CA3区突触面密度增加(P<0.01)。与石杉碱甲组比较,清脑通络方组大鼠在CA1区的突触面密度增加(P<0.01)。结论:清脑通络方对老年性AD大鼠海马突触密度有显著的改善作用。

Objective：To observe the effect of Qingnao Tongluo prescription on synaptic structure in hippocampus of model rats with senile Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）. Methods：Divided rats randomly into the young group,the aged group, the model group, the huperzine A group and the Qingnao Tongluo prescription group. In addition to the young group and the aged group,the rats of other groups were established into models by injection of d-galactose and ibotenic acid into basal forebrain. After the success of model establishment,the Qingnao Tongluo prescription group was given 6 g/（kg·d） of Qingnao Tongluo prescription by gavage;the huperzine A group was given 0.3 g/（kg·d） of huperzine A, and the young group, the aged group and the model group were given the same volume of saline by gavage for four weeks continuously. Observed synaptic characteristics in area of CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampus of rats by electron microscope, and analyzed the synaptic numerical density（Nv）, surface density（Sv） and average size of synaptic conjunction in area of CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampus by stereological method. Results： No obvious change was found in the synaptic numerical density and surface density in area of CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampus of rats between the aged group and the young group. Compared with those in the aged group,the synaptic numerical density and surface density in area of CA1 and CA3 of rats in the model group were significantly decreased（P〈0.01）. Compared with those in the model group,the synaptic numerical density and surface density in area of CA1 and CA3 of rats in the Qingnao Tongluo prescription group significantly increased（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）;the synaptic numerical density in CA1 and CA3 and the synaptic surface density in CA3 area of rats in the huperzine A group were increased（P〈0.01）. Compared with that in the huperzine A group,the synaptic surface density in CA1 area of rats in the Qingnao Tongluo prescription group was increased（P〈0.01）. Conclusion：Qingnao Tongluo prescription has obvious improvement for synaptic density in hippocampus of rats with senile AD.