辽宁省某核电厂非放射性职业病危害因素检测结果

Detection results of non-radioactive occupational hazards in a nuclear power plant of Liaoning Province

目的了解核电厂非放射性职业病危害因素的种类及其浓度(或强度),为企业日常管理提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查法,了解核电厂非放射性职业病危害因素的种类;采用现场采样及现场检测的方法对核电厂非放射性化学和物理有害因素进行检测。结果核电厂非放射性职业病危害因素有粉尘(电焊烟尘、铁及其化合物粉尘、砂轮磨尘)、化学毒物(硫化氢、氯气、盐酸、氢氧化钠、氨、联氨、锰及其化合物、一氧化氮、二氧化氮)、物理因素(噪声、高温、工频电场、紫外辐射、照度),其中粉尘合格率为100.00%,化学毒物合格率为98.65%,物理因素合格率为76.49%,其中噪声强度合格率仅为52.99%,照度合格率为90.91%。结论辽宁省某核电厂非放射性职业病危害种类繁多,其浓度(或强度)基本合格,主要问题是工作场所噪声强度高及照明不足。

[Objective]To understand the species and concentrations（or intensity） of the non-radioactive occupational hazards in a nuclear power plant,and provide evidence for the daily management of enterprise.[Methods] The field investigation of occupational health was adopted to investigate the species of the non-radioactive occupational hazards in the nuclear power plant.Field sampling and field testing were used to detect non-radioactive chemical and physical hazards.[Results] The nonradioactive occupational hazards in the nuclear power plant included dusts（welding fume,iron and its compounds dust,grinding wheel dust）,chemical toxicants（sulfuretted hydrogen,chlorine,chlorhydric acid,sodium hydroxide,ammonia,hydrazine,manganese and its inorganic compounds,nitric oxide,nitrogen dioxide）,physical factors（noise,heat stress,power frequency electric field,ultraviolet radiation,illumination）,and the qualified rate of dusts was 100.00%,that of chemical toxicants,physical factors,noise intensity and illumination was 98.65%,76.49%,52.99% and 90.91%,respectively.[Conclusion] There are many kinds of non-radioactive occupational hazards in a nuclear power plant in Liaoning Province,most of their concentration（or intensity） is basically qualified.The main problems are high noise intensity and insufficient illumination in the workplace.