乌鲁木齐地区妇女HPV感染状况及宫颈病变发生情况分析

Analysis on HPV infection status and occurrence of cervical lesions among the women in Urumqi

目的比较乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族、汉族妇女人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况以及宫颈病变的发病情况,为建立乌鲁木齐地区维、汉妇女HPV感染数据库提供可靠资料。方法对新疆乌鲁木齐市维、汉族妇女各1 150例应用第二代杂交捕获实验(HC-Ⅱ)方法、宫颈液基细胞学检测(TCT)法进行宫颈癌早期筛查,对于HPV感染阳性或者TCT诊断≥ASC者进行阴道镜下宫颈活检病理检查。结果 (1)HPV检测阳性385例,其中维吾尔族妇女231例,HPV感染率为20.08%;汉族妇女154例,感染率13.39%;两民族间HPV感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(2)50岁之前各年龄段维吾尔族妇女HPV感染率均高于汉族妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(3)维吾尔族妇女慢性宫颈炎和阴性组与低级别、高级别上皮内瘤变及子宫颈癌组的病变率分别为48.63%、59.52%、72.94%、61.53%,汉族妇女分别为51.36%、40.47%、27.05%、38.47%,维、汉族妇女在各级宫颈病变组中的发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)维吾尔族妇女慢性宫颈炎和阴性组与低级别、高级别上皮内瘤变组和子宫颈癌组的HPV感染率分别为54.4%、60.2%、73.8%、61.5%,汉族妇女分别为45.6%、39.8%、26.2%、38.5%,维、汉族妇女在各级宫颈病变组中的HPV阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐维族妇女HPV感染率、<50岁各年龄段HPV感染率均高于汉族妇女,积极加强新疆地区维吾尔族妇女子宫颈癌防治工作能大大降低该地区子宫颈癌的发病率。

Objective To compare HPV infection status and occurrence of cervical lesions among Uygur and Han women in Urumqi,provide reliable data for establishing HPV infection database for Uygur and Han women in Urumqi. Methods Hybrid capture-Ⅱ（ HC-Ⅱ）and Thinprep cytology test（ TCT） were used for early screening of cervical cancer among 1 150 Uygur women and 1 150 Han women. Colposcopic cervical biopsy and pathological examination were performed among the patients with positive HPV infection and atypical squamous cell（ ASC） and above lesions diagnosed by TCT. Results 385 women were found with positive HPV,including 231 Uygur women and 154 Han women,HPV infection rates were 20. 08% and 13. 39%,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between Uygur women and Han women（ P〈0. 01）. Before 50 years old,HPV infection rates of Uygur women in different age groups were statistically significantly higher than those of Han women（ P〈0. 01）. The incidence rates of lesions among Uygur women in chronic cervicitis and negative group,low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（ CIN） group,high-grade CIN group,and cervical cancer group were 48. 63%,59. 52%,72. 94%,and 61. 53%,respectively,the incidence rates of lesions among Han women in the four groups were 51. 36%,40. 47%,27. 05%,and 38. 47%,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between Uygur women and Han women（ P〈0. 05）. HPV infection rates among Uygur women in chronic cervicitis and negative group,low-grade CIN group,high-grade CIN group,and cervical cancer group were 54. 4%,60. 2%,73. 8%,and 61. 5%,respectively,HPV infection rates among Han women in the four groups were 45. 6%,39. 8%,26. 2%,and 38. 5%,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between Uygur women and Han women（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The total HPV infection rate among Uygur women,HPV infection rates among Uygur women under 50 years old in different age groups are higher than those in Han women. Active strengthening cervical cancer prevention and treatment among Uygur women in Xinjiang can significantly reduce the incidence rate of cervical cancer in the region.