社会信任模式变迁视阈下的医患信任困境及出路

The predicament and prospect of doctor-patient trust from the perspective of social trust model change

1949年前,"家本位—人际信任"模式在我国长期盛行,医患信任得以自然建立并世代传递。中华人民共和国成立初期,在"国本位—系统信任"模式逐步成为社会主导信任模式的条件下,医患信任尽管有所变化,但基本保持历史延续和平稳重构状态。改革开放以来,由于"家本位—人际信任"模式继续衰落,"国本位—系统信任"模式丧失主导,同时适应形势发展需求的"社会本位—制度信任"模式又尚未完全形成,医患信任日益遭遇严重困境。新时期,必须促进社会信任模式实现双重过渡,即从情感信任过渡到制度信任,再从制度信任过渡到文化信任,以刚性制度约束和柔性文化滋养之合力破解医患信任困境。

Before the founding of new China, the ＂family standard-interpersonal trust＂ model prevailed inChina for a long time, and the trust between doctors and patients was naturally established and passed on fromgeneration to generation. In the early period of new China, under the condition that the ＂national standard-system trust＂ model gradually became the social leading trust mode, the trust between doctors and patients,although has changed a little, basically maintained the state of historical continuity and stationaryreconstruction. Since China＇s reform and opening up, the trust between doctors and patients has fallen into thedilemma. In the new period, we must promote the social trust model to realize the double transition, namely fromthe emotional trust transition to institutional trust, and then from institutional trust to cultural transition,so thatwe can break the doctor-patient trust dilemma with the combination of rigid institutional constraints and flexiblecultural nourishment.