马斯洛需求理论视域下的医疗场所暴力成因及应对策略

The cause and coping strategies of medical workplace violence under the perspective of Maslow's hierarchy of needs

医疗场所暴力是患者及家属对医疗活动不满而引发的,是社会、医院、制度基于主客观因素,不能满足患者的某种或某些需求而导致的一种私力救济行为。从马斯洛需求理论看,医疗场所暴力源于医疗环境不能满足患者的低层次需求,医疗体验不能满足患者的中低层次需求,纠纷处理机制不能满足患者的需求代偿。基于此,文章提出应对医疗场所暴力的策略:从制度上保障医务人员的人格尊严和职业安全,从文化上营造和谐文明安全的医疗生态环境,从道德上强化医务人员的职业精神和医院社会责任。

Medical workplace violence is caused by the dissatisfaction of patients and their families aboutmedical activities. It is a private remedy when society, hospitals and systems cannot satisfy patients＇ certainneeds for subjective factors. Under Maslow＇s need theory, medical workplace violence is derived from themedical environment cannot meet with the low-level need of patients, medical experience cannot satisfy thepatients＇ need in moderate level and dispute settlement systems canot satisfy the patients＇ need. In this way,strategies to cope with medical workplace violence should be put forward, to safeguard the dignity andoccupational security of medical personnel systematically, to create a harmonious, civilized and safe medicalecological environment culturally, and to strengthen the professional spirit of medical personnel and the responsibility of hospitals morally.