3382例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的临床病理分析

A retrospective clinical study of 3382 cases of malignant oral maxillofacial tumors

选取2000年1月至2017年12月在吉林大学口腔医学院经病理确诊的3 382例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者的病例资料，统计分析各类肿瘤的发病年龄、性别、部位、病理类型等构成特点，探讨口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的发病情况及各种肿瘤病理的构成特点。口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者的中位发病年龄为57岁，51～70岁为高发年龄段，男女比例1.9∶1。原发部位主要为舌、牙龈和口底。肿瘤组织主要来源为上皮、淋巴造血系统、骨及软组织。病理类型以鳞状细胞癌最多见（2 203/3 382，65.1%），其次为黏液表皮样癌，腺样囊性癌。综上所述，口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤在老年男性中发病率较高，舌部发病者最多，上皮来源肿瘤和鳞状细胞癌分别为组织来源与病理类型的首位。

To investigate the incidence of malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial region and the pathological features of various tumors, a total of 3 382 cases of malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial region admitted to Jilin University from Januarary 2000 to December 2017. The characteristics of age, sex, location and pathological types of all kinds of tumors were analyzed. The median onset age is 57 years old, 51 to 70 years old is a high-risk age group, the ratio of male to female was 1.9∶1. The primary tumor location is tongue, gingiva and floor of mouth. Epithelial, lymphatic hematopoietic system, bone and soft tissue were the three major sources of tumor tissue, and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common pathological type （65.1%）, followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. In summary, oral and maxillofacial malignancies have a high incidence in elderly men, and tongue is the most common site of disease. Epithelial-origin and squamous cell carcinomas are the first of their origins and pathological types, respectively.