孕妇孕期运动知识、态度及行为状况调查

The investigation of knowledge,attitude and behavior for physical activity during pregnancy of pregnant women

目的:了解孕妇对孕期运动的认知、态度及运动情况,为指导孕妇科学健康运动提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样的方法,选取2016年12月—2017年1月在北京市海淀区妇幼保健院门诊进行产前检查的孕妇共340例,采用自行设计的问卷进行孕期运动知识、态度及行为调查。结果:问卷有效率为97.9%(333/340)。70%的孕妇知道孕期运动对孕妇、胎儿以及对分娩方式的影响,但对孕期运动知识知晓程度高者不到60%;90%以上的孕妇认为孕期运动对于孕妇及宝宝有益,对孕期运动态度较为积极的孕妇占89.3%;79.6%的孕妇在孕期运动,但合理运动者仅为17.1%,运动的主要方式是散步。结论:孕妇对孕期运动知识的知晓程度仍需进一步提高,多数孕妇对孕期运动持积极态度,但对孕期运动的信心相对较低,合理运动的妇女比例较低,且运动形式单一,需加强孕期合理运动的指导和鼓励。

Objective：To investigate the cognitions and attitudes of pregnant women towards physical activity during pregnancy and their physical activity levels in area with high education level,so as to provide evidence for pregnant women to practice rational physical activity.Methods：A total of 333 pregnant women from Beijing Haidian district maternal and child health care hospital were recruited into this survey by convenience sampling method from December 2016 to January 2017.A survey was used to collect their knowledge,attitudes and behavior towards exercise and their physical activity levels through questionnaire designed by own.Results：Effective response rate of questionnaire was 97.9%（333/340）.70% of pregnant women knew that there were some impact of exercise on pregnant women,the fetus and delivery mode during pregnancy,but less than 60% pregnant women had good awareness on exercise knowledge during pregnancy.More than 90% of pregnant women thought that physical activity during pregnancy was beneficial to babies and themselves,and 89.3% pregnant women had positive attitudes to exercise during pregnancy.79.6% of the pregnant women had exercised during pregnancy,but the rate of rational exercise was only 17.1%.The main way of exercise was walking.Conclusion：The improvement of awareness rate of knowledge about physical activity during pregnancy of pregnant women is still needed.Most pregnant women have a positive attitude toward physical activity during pregnancy,but the confidence to exercise is relatively low.The proportion of pregnant women who had rational exercise is low,and physical activity form of pregnant women is single.Guidance and encouragement should be given to strengthen rational exercise during pregnancy.