三级甲等医院ICU医生工作倦怠与觉察压力的关系

The Relationship Between Job Burnout and Perceived Stress of ICU Physician from Tertiary Level Hospitals

目的：调查了解重症监护病房（ICU）医生工作倦怠现状及与觉察压力的关系。方法：采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市4所三级甲等医院ICU医生136名,进行觉察压力量表、工作倦怠量表测评研究。结果：136例ICU医生工作倦怠总检出率为60.3%,不同维度检出率为情感衰竭75.0%、人格解体47.8%、个人成就感检出率72.8%。单因素分析发现,经常参加娱乐活动ICU医生工作倦怠得分显著低于不经常参加娱乐活动ICU医生（t=-2.178,-4.355,-4.001;P〈0.05）;已婚ICU医生工作倦怠得分显著高于未婚ICU医生（t=2.648,3.099,2.144;P〈0.05）;职业期望较高ICU医生工作倦怠得分显著低于职业期望一般和模糊医生（P〈0.01）,职业期望一般ICU医生工作倦怠得分显著低于职业期望模糊ICU医生（P〈0.01）。ICU医生工作倦怠与觉察压力总分及其各维度呈显著正相关（r=0.325~0.564,P〈0.01）。逐步回归分析结果显示,预测感、控制感、超载感分别进入ICU医生情感耗竭、人格解体及个人成就感的回归方程（P〈0.05）。结论：ICU医生工作倦怠与觉察压力有密切的关系。

Objective：To investigate the relationship between current situation of job burnout and perceiving pressure of ICU physician.Methods：Using random convenient sampling method,a total of 136 ICU physician from four tertiary level hospitals in Urumqi city were investigated with Job Burnout Scale and Perceived Stress Scale.Results：The total detection rate of job burnout of 136 cases of ICU was 60.3%,and the detection rate of different dimensions was 75% of emotional exhaustion,47.8% of personality disintegration and 72.8% of personal accomplishment detection rate.The burnout scores of ICU physician regularly participating in recreational activities were significantly lower than those of no regularly participating（t=-2.178,-4.355,-4.001;P〈0.05）.The burnout scores of ICU married physician were significantly higher than those of ICU unmarried physician（t=2.648,3.099,2.144;P〈0.05）.The burnout score of ICU physician with higher job expectancy were much lower than that of ICU physician with general job expect and indifferent ICU physician（P〈0.01）,the burnout score of ICU physician with general job expectancy were much lower than those of indifferent job expect ICU physician（P〈0.01）.ICU physician＇s job burnout was positively correlated with the total score of perceived stress and its dimensions（r=0.325 ~ 0.564,P〈0.01）.The stepwise regression analysis showed that the predictive sense,the sense of control and the sense of overload respectively entered the regression equation of ICU＇s emotional exhaustion,disintegration of personality and personal accomplishment（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：There is a close relationship between job burnout and perceived stress of ICU physician.