医学生生命意义感、生活目的与主观幸福感的关系

Relationships Between the Sense of Life Meaning,the Purpose of Life and Subjective Well-being in Medical Students

目的：了解医学生生命意义感现状,探讨医学生生命意义感、生活目的与主观幸福感之间的关系。方法：选取上海市某医学院校472名学生为被试,采用生命意义感量表（MLQ）、生活目的测验（PIL）测量被试的生命意义感,总体幸福感量表（GWB）测量幸福感水平。结果：（1）48.9%的医学生缺乏明确的生活目的和意义感;（2）在性别、年级等方面MLQ总分和PIL总分差异均不显著。在居住地、家庭经济状况、近1年是否有自杀想法方面MLQ总分差异不显著,在PIL总分上有统计学差异;（3）生命意义感高分组在GWB中对健康的担心、精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快的心境各因子与低分组差异显著;（4）存在意义感因子分与主观幸福感总分呈显著正相关（r=0.207,P〈0.01）。PIL总分与主观幸福感总分呈显著正相关（r=0.554,P〈0.01）;（5）经回归分析,生命意义感与生活目的可以解释主观幸福感59.8%的变异。结论：医学生生命意义感状况不容乐观;较高的生命意义感与生活目的可促进医学生的主观幸福感。

Objective：To understand medical students＇ present situation in the sense of life meaning,to explore relationship between the sense of life meaning,life purpose and subjective well-being.Methods：A total of 472 students were selected from a medical university in Shanghai as the participants,MLQ and PIL were adopted to measure the sense of life meaning among the participants,and GWB was used to measure the level of well-being.Results：（1）48.9 percent of medical students lacked a clear sense of purpose and meaning.（2）There was no significant difference in gender and grade between MLQ and PIL total score.The total score difference was not significant in residence,family economic status and whether had suicidal thoughts in the past year.There was a statistical difference in PIL total score.（3）There were significant differences in concerns about health,vigor,satisfaction and interest in life,melancholy or pleasant state of mind between high score group and low group of the sense of life meaning.（4）There was a significantly positive correlation between the sense of life meaning factor score and subjective well-being total score（r=0.207,P〈0.01）,the PIL and subjective well-being total score（r=0.554,P〈0.01）.（5）The sense of life meaning and life purpose could interpret 59.8 percent variation of subjective well-being through regression analysis.Conclusion：The situation in the sense of life meaning among medical students is not optimistic.The sense of life meaning and life purpose will promote students＇ subjective well-being.