法国洛可可艺术中的中国视界

Chinoiserie in French Rococo Art

18世纪的法国热切注视中国,在社会各层面上皆积极借鉴中国,受到中国深远的影响。中国的文化与艺术是法国的启蒙根源与贵族爱好,它在西方人眼中展现的灵妙与华丽,恰巧与18世纪洛可可时期所崇尚的慧黠与享乐相合;西方视野下的阴性中国,亦与洛可可社会所崇尚的阴性气质相合。整体而论,18世纪洛可可艺术中的中国风是时代风尚,也是审美凝练与文化精神的展现,是中西文化交流汇集的极致表现,也是雄性西方凝视阴性中国的感性表达。

The eighteenth-century France had great enthusiasm for the Chinese culture and was deeply influenced by China. Chinese culture inspired the Enlightenment, and became an aristocratic fad. Chinese art echoed the Rococo ideal; the feminine China under the gaze of the West also corresponded with the femininity admired by Rococo art. The Chinoiserie in the eighteenth-century Rococo art was the zeitgeist, and the fruit of cultural exchange and the Western gaze.