民初资产阶级新闻法思想评介——以《暂行报律》事件为视角

An Evaluation of the Bourgeois Press Law Thoughts in the Early Republic of China:From the Perspective of “Temporary Press Law Incident”

《暂行报律》事件是民国初年新闻界发生的抵制国家新闻法制化管理的代表性事件,它不仅反映了当时资产阶级各派别之间政治诉求的差异,也反映了民初资产阶级的新闻法思想。在这场事件中,以章太炎和孙中山为代表的两派主要在新闻自由与法制方面有较大差异,章太炎主张绝对的新闻自由,而孙中山更强调新闻自由应当在法律的框架下才能实现其真正的自由。另一方面,章太炎和孙中山都强调新闻事业的工具理性,认为新闻事业的发展应当是服务于国家和社会发展的。

The“Temporary Press Law Incident” was a typical incident against national legal management of press in the early Republic of China. It not only showed the differences in political appeals among various factions of the bourgeoisie, but also reflected bourgeois thoughts on press law at the time. In this incident, the two schools represented by ZhangTaiyan and Sun Yatsen disagreed with each other in press freedom and legal system. Zhang advocated absolute press freedom, while Sun emphasized that only under the legal framework could true press freedom be achieved. On the other hand, they both emphasized the instrumental rationality of press and believed development of press should serve the development of the country and society.