三燕时期辽西地区农业发展述论

Agricultural Development of West Liaoning in the Three Yans Period

魏晋南北朝时期中原的战乱促使河北山东等地的世家大族及流民纷纷迁徙到辽西地区,此地的人口数量大为增加,且带来了中原地区的先进生产技术。十六国时期,先后统治辽西地区的前燕、后燕、北燕三个地方政权对农业的重视和发展,加之优越的生态环境和悠久的农耕基础,辽西农业在耕作技术、作物的种类、水利灌溉等方面都有了较快发展,且带动了慕容鲜卑由畜牧经济向农耕经济的转变。农业生产虽受自然灾害和战争等因素的限制但整体上呈现波浪式发展。

In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, chaos caused by the war in Central China forced many influential and privileged families as well as refugees of Hebei and Shangdong to migrate to West Liaoning, causing the region’s population explode. And these migrants brought many advanced producing technologies. When it came to the Sixteen States Period, the region made a great progress in farming technique, crop variety, water conservancy and irrigation since the Former Yan, Latter Yan and Northern Yan, the three states ruling the region successively, paid much attention to agricultural development, and the region had an excellent ecological environment and an ageold farming foundation. It also promoted the transformation of animal husbandry economy of the Murong family of the Xianbei nationality to agricultural economy. Although agricultural production was influenced by natural disasters and wars, it showed a wavelike developing trend on the whole.