遵循规则的斗争:探析民主背景下族群动员模式的比较研究框架

Fighting by the Rules: A Comparative Framework for Exploring Ethnic Mobilization Patterns in Democratic Contexts

本文着重解释以下问题:假设民主国家中的族群运动都展现出近似的不满和主张,那么什么因素可以解释运动的差异和变种?尤其是,为何有的运动向暴力化发展,而有的则保持和平状态?并且为何有的表现出了长期的相对稳定性,而其他的则昙花一现?在抗争性政治视野下,我们运用新的动态研究范式来分析族群动员问题。基于此,我们主张根据族群运动的制度化程度来研究族群动员的差异和变种是最好的研究路径。基于深入研究加拿大魁北克讲法语人的运动案例,本文发展了制度性族群民族主义谱系概念,以便更好地解释多样性的动员模式。

This article tackles the following questions ; given that ethnic movements in democ - racies often exhibit similar grievances and claims f what explains variations in their patterns of ethnic mobilization ？ Speci ？ cally f why do some ethnic movements turn to violence while others remain non - violent f and why do some demonstrate relative sustainability over long historic periods while others experience temporary ？ are - ups followed by long periods of demobilization ？ Utilizing new research in contentious politics f this study advances a dynamic approach to the examination of ethnic mobili - zation f arguing that variations in mobilization patterns are best analyzed according to the extent of a movement institutionalization . Illustrating the utility of this analytical framework with an in - depth analysis of the case of the Francophone Québécois f this article develops the concept of a spectrum of institutional eth no national ism in order to explain diverse mobilization patterns .