北京市学龄期儿童打鼾现况及与学习成绩的关系研究

The prevalence of snoring and its association with academic performance among school-aged children in Beijing

目的 调查北京市学龄期儿童打鼾的现状，探讨学龄期儿童打鼾与学习成绩的关系。方法 于2015年采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取了西城、朝阳、昌平、顺义、房山、怀柔和门头沟共7个区的15所中小学学校，共计7 925名6~14岁的儿童。对抽样儿童进行儿童睡眠问卷及相关睡眠行为问卷调查，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析打鼾与学习成绩退步的关系。结果 有效样本量为6 383名，794名（12.44%）儿童出现了学习成绩退步。打鼾儿童共580名（9.08%），打鼾频率为1~2、≥3次/周的儿童分别为333、247名；打鼾严重程度Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ级的儿童分别为357、170和53名。与打鼾0次/周的儿童相比，打鼾1~2、≥3次/周的儿童学习成绩退步的OR（95%CI）值分别为1.363（1.000~1.857）、1.605（1.135~2.269）；与无打鼾儿童相比，打鼾Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级儿童学习成绩退步的OR（95%CI）值分别为1.226（0.893~1.683）、1.595（1.062~2.397）、2.311（1.170~4.565）。结论 打鼾与学习成绩退步有关联，打鼾频率和打鼾严重程度与学习成绩退步比例呈正向关系。

Objective To investigate the snoring status of school-aged children in Beijing and explore the association of snoring and academic performance.Methods A total of 7 925 children aged from 6 to 14 were selected from 15 primary and middle schools at 7 districts （Xicheng, Chaoyang, Changping, Shunyi, Fangshan, Huairou and Mentougou） in Beijing in 2015, using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. The recruited children were asked to complete the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire （PSQ） and a questionnaire related to sleep behavior. The multiplelogistic regression was used to analyze the association of snoring and academic performance.Results A total of 794 （12.44%） children showed a decline in academic performance among 6 383 eligible respondentsfor data analysis. 580 （9.08%） children with snoring was identified, of which 333 and 247 were in frequency of 1-2 times per week and frequency of ≥3 times per week, respectively; 357, 170 and 53 were in snoring grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ, respectively. Compared with the children without snoring, the OR （95%CI） for children with 1-2 times per week and ≥3 times per week was 1.363 （1.000-1.857） and 1.605 （1.135-2.269）, respectively; and the OR （95%CI） for children with grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ of snoring was 1.226 （0.893-1.683）, 1.595 （1.062-2.397） and 2.31 （1.17-4.565）, respectively.Conclusion There is a statistical relationship between snoring and the decline of academic performance. The decline of academic performance positively associated with increased frequency and grade of snoring.