密花香薷挥发油抗菌与抗氧化活性研究

The research of anti-bacterial and anti-oxidation activityof the volatile oil from Elsholtzia

目的 优化密花香薷挥发油的水蒸气蒸馏法提取工艺，考察不同提取部位的挥发油抗菌和抗氧化活性，为密花香薷植物资源的开发与利用提供依据。方法 采用单因素法考察密花香薷不同部位挥发油的提取工艺，采用药敏纸片法研究不同提取部位的挥发油的抗菌活性，采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH）法测定挥发油的抗氧化能力。结果 水蒸气蒸馏法提取密花香薷不同部位中的挥发油，条件为加水量14倍、浸泡时间6 h、提取时间为3 h。密花香薷不同提取部位的挥发油对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌有一定的抑菌活性。活性顺序依次为大肠埃希菌＞福氏痢疾杆菌＞金黄色葡萄球菌＞铜绿假单胞菌。花序挥发油的抑制效果强于叶挥发油。密花香薷挥发油的抗氧化能力随浓度增加而增强，在浓度为10%时最强，但抗氧化作用弱于维生素C。结论 确定密花香薷挥发油的水蒸气蒸馏法提取工艺，其不同提取部位的挥发油有一定抑菌活性和抗氧化能力。

Objective To determine the steam distillation processing of Elsholtzia and to optimize different parts volatile oil of the anti-bacterial activity and anti-oxidation activityfrom Elsholtzia. Methods The volatile oil of different parts from Elsholtzia was extracted by steam distillation. The anti-oxidationactivity was texted by DPPH. The antibacterial activity was detected by disk diffusion test. Results Watering 14 times, soaking 6 hours, extracting 3 hours by steam distillation to extracte different parts of volatile oil. It is effective that volatile oil inhibit Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Dysentery bacillus’s blessing. The sequential of antibacterial activity was that Escherichia coli 〉 Dysentery bacillus’s blessing 〉 Staphylococcus aureus 〉 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anti-oxidation activity increased the concentration of volatile oil, and was konwn to be the best when the content of the volatile oil is 10%. The anti-oxidation activity of VC was stonger than volatile oil. Conclusions It is effective that volatile oil inhibit Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Dysentery bacillus’s blessing and the volatile oil from inflorescence have a stronger antibacterial activity than the volatile oil from leaf.