复合材料轴转子系统动力学研究进展

Research advances on composite shaft rotordynamics

轻质、比刚度与比强度高、耐疲劳以及力学性能可剪裁的纤维增强复合材料轴作为旋转机械的一类核心部件,在现代航空、汽车与船舶动力系统以及高速切削系统的结构设计中,发挥着极为关键的作用。超临界状态下复合材料轴转子系统的动力学特性以及稳定性,是复合材料轴转子动力学研究的主要内容。围绕近20年来复合材料轴转子系统的研究进展情况,进行回顾与总结。介绍了经典梁理论、剪切变形梁理论、壳理论与非线性理论等复合材料轴的结构动力学理论;描述了动力学模型求解的方法,包括Galerkin法和有限元法;讨论了复杂因素与最优化设计问题。上述这些方面无疑对于全面发展轻质高性能复合材料转子系统的动力学理论,促进工程实际应用,具有重要的意义。最后指出复合材料轴转子动力学的未来发展以及今后需要关注的问题。

Due to their higher specific strength and stiffness,longer service life and tailorability of stiffness properties,the composite material rotating shafts have been sought as a vital part in many application areas such as automotive drive shafts,helicopter tail rotors,high speed machine tool spindles and long boring bars. In super-critical operation,the dynamical behavior and stability analysis is one of the important subjects in the structural design of composite shaft rotors. This paper gives a brief review of studies done in the past 20 years on the dynamical analysis of composite shafts rotors. The theories being applied（ classical beam theory,shear deformation theory,shell theory and nonlinear theory）,methods for solving dynamical model（ finite element analysis,Galerkin method）,complicating effects（smart material shaft with shape memory alloy,composite shaft with constrained layer damping and optimization of composite shaft） were introduced. All these aspects above mentioned are of great significance for the full development of the dynamics theory of light weight composite rotors and its applications in practical engineering. Finally,some items regarding future research were also prospected.