论宋代台谏特点及对文人贬谪的影响

On the Characteristics of Taijian Power in the Song Dynasty and Its Influence on the Literati's Relegation

宋代贬谪文人众多,在他们获罪被贬的过程中,台谏势力起了很大作用。这与宋代台谏制度的特殊性相关。宋代台谏具有"风闻言事"的特权,无须持有真凭实据,只要依传闻便可以立案纠劾;台谏官员又习惯从道德角度开展人身攻击,擅长以模糊的道德罪名弹劾大臣。这两个特点使其成为党争时攻击异党最有效的手段,直接催化了两党之争,造成大批文人贬谪。在皇权式微、权臣当政的时候,台谏又不可避免地沦为权臣手下的鹰犬,成为权臣们打压贬逐异己的工具。

There were lots of relegated literati in the Song dynasty.Taijian power played an important role intheir relagation, which was related to the characteristics of Taijian system. Taijian officers had the privilege ofimpeaching officials withour true evidence. Taijian officers also used to do moral assault and were good atimpeaching ministers on vague moral charges.These two characteristics make Taijian officers the most effectiveattack in the party struggle and directly catalyzed the party struggle, resulting in a large number of literatirelegation. When the imperial power declines, Taijian officers was inevitably reduced to the prime minister＇s hawkdog, and became a tool to suppress the opposite.