不同可降解农用地膜对土壤环境的影响研究

The Influence of Different Biodegradable Farm Film to Soil Environment

为解决普通塑料地膜残膜污染土壤问题,给大面积推广使用可降解地膜提供可靠依据,试验观测了国内主要可降解地膜生产厂家生产的可降解地膜在田间的保水、保温和降解性能,以及对马铃薯产量的影响情况,分析评价了各产品的应用效能。在参试的可降解地膜中,广东励农丰、亿帆鑫富、山东汇盈、珠海万通和湖北光合等可降解地膜表现较好,优于其他可降解地膜,但是在生产使用中又有一定难度,存在生产工艺不规范、规格不一致、容易断裂、难以上机、降解效果差等问题,今后应该根据不同的土壤和气候条件有针对性地进行可降解地膜的生产。

In order to solve the issue of soil pollution by the remains film of common plastic film and provide reliable basis for promoting and using biodegradable farm film in large area,the paper tested and observed the field functions of water holding,warm-keeping and degradation and influence to the potato yield of biodegradable farm film mainly produced by domestic manufacturers and analyzed and evaluated the application efficiency of each product. Among the tested biodegradable farm films,the performance of the biodegradable farm film produced by Linongfeng,Yifan Xinfu,Huiying of Shandong,Wantong of Zhuhai and Guanghe of Hubei was better. It was relatively better than other biodegradable farm films,but there was a certain degree of difficulty in producing and using,existing the problems of non standard production process,disagreement of specifications,easy to break,hard to go on the machine and poor effect of degradation. In future,it should produce the biodegradable farm film pointedly according to the different conditions of soil and climate.