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进水方式对卷盘式喷灌机水涡轮水力性能影响的数值模拟 被引量:1

Numerical simulated effects of entry on hydraulic performance of hydro-turbine in hose reel irrigators
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摘要 为揭示卷盘式喷灌机切击式与蜗壳式水涡轮的内部流态特征与水力性能差异,在叶轮与出水管道相同的情况下,采用基于SST k-ω模型的数值模拟方法,对2种进水方式的水涡轮内部流动进行计算分析,并将切击式水涡轮外特性预测结果与试验数据进行对比验证.结果表明:切击式水涡轮叶轮流道内存在大尺度回流旋涡和强烈的叶片侧端间隙泄漏流动,蜗壳式水涡轮叶轮内部压力与流线分布相对均匀,叶片侧端间隙泄漏流动沿周向无显著差异;不同流量下,切击式水涡轮各主要过流部件的水力损失占比基本保持恒定,叶轮内水力损失约占总水力损失的55%,蜗壳式水涡轮各部件水力损失的占比随流量发生变化;2种进水方式的水涡轮外特性曲线变化趋势基本相同,相同工况下蜗壳式水涡轮的效率相比切击式水涡轮效率高18%~22%,两者最高效率分别为35.6%和59.6%.研究结果可为卷盘式喷灌机水涡轮水力设计及结构改进提供一定依据. Turbulent flows in two hydro - turbines of hose reel irrigator respectively with two entries, i. e. nozzle and spiral case, were investigated numerically using SST k -ω turbulence model to uncover the differences between internal flow field characteristics and hydraulic performance caused by two different kinds of entries. The predicted hydraulic performance of the turbine with nozzle was validated with the corresponding experimental data available. It is indicated that large scale vortex and strong leakage flow cross the blade side tip clearance existes in the impeller of the turbine with nozzle entry. For the turbine with spiral entry, the pressure and streamlines inside the impeller are distributed relatively uniformly, no significant difference in the leakage flow pattern along the circumferential direction is noticed. It is found that the percentage of each component hydraulic loss to the total hydraulic loss across the turbine with nozzle remains constant basically at various flow rates, especially, the hydraulic loss in the impeller accounts for 55 % of the total hydraulic loss. For the turbine with spiral case, the hydraulic loss in each component varies with flow rate. The performance curves of two turbines show nearly the same variation tendency, but the efficiency of the turbine with spiral case is 18% -22% higher than that of the turbine with nozzle at the same flow rate, especially the best efficiency of the former is 59.6% in comparison with 35.6% of the latter. These results can provide a reference for hydraulic design and structural improvement of hydro - turbine in hose reel irrigators.
作者 陈为升 黎耀军 严海军 张铭振 CHEN Weisheng;LI Yaojun;YAN Haijun;ZHANG Mingzhen(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Hebei Shangshui Irriga tion Equipment Co.Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050051,China)
出处 《排灌机械工程学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2018年第9期846-850,856,共6页 Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金 "十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400109 2017YFD0201502) 河北省科技计划项目(17227207D-03) 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-03)
关键词 卷盘式喷灌机 水涡轮 进水方式 水力性能 数值模拟 hose reel irrigation water turbine inflow mode hydraulic performance numerical simulation
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