基于STM32和FPGA的声源成像系统设计

Design of Sound Source Imaging System Based on STM32 and FPGA

系统基于i Core3双核心开发板,采用STM32和现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)芯片,通过对通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus,USB)串口通信、可变静态存储控制器(Flexible Static Memory Controller,FSMC)接口、安全数字输入输出卡(Secure Digital Input and Output Card,SDIO)TF卡以及Qt上位机等进行综合设计完成了一个能够实现声源定位和成像功能的系统。系统以STM32芯片进行核心控制,采用计算量小、定位精确、能较好的移植在硬件设备中的基于到达时间差的时延估计的声源定位算法,通过FSMC接口在FPGA内设计实现算法中数据量大、耗时长的矩阵自相关运算,并与各个模块通过数据交互进行核心控制,最终实现声源定位和成像功能。系统结构简单、体积小、质量轻、使用方便,不仅解决了现有产品的不足,而且测试结果表明该系统在STM32和FPGA协同工作下运行效率高、定位准确,相比在单独以STM32为核心时处理速度提升了大约30%,能够满足用户的实际需求,有一定的实用价值。

The system is based on iCore3 dual core development board, adopts the STM32 and Field Programmable Gate Array （FPGA）, makes a comprehensive design of the Universal Serial Bus （USB） serial communication, Flexible Static Memory Controller （FSMC） interface, Secure Digital Input and Output （SDIO） TF card and Qt PC and implements the function of sound source localization and imaging. The system is mainly controlled by STM32 chip. It uses the sound source localization algorithm based on time difference of arrival time estimation which has a small amount of calculation and can be transplanted into hardware very well and is accurate in location. Through the FSMC interface, it is designed to achieve the matrix autocorrelation algorithm with large amount of data and long time consuming in the algorithm in FPGA. The system has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight, convenient use. It not only solves the shortcomings of existing products, and test results show that the system works under the coordination of STM32 and FPGA, and has the advantages of high running efficiency and accurate localization. The processing speed has increased by about 30% compared to the STM32 core alone. The system design can meet the needs of users, and has certain practical value.