贵州石阡-花桥断裂构造特征及其对地热资源的控制作用

Structural Characteristics and Its Control Function to Geothermal Resources of Shiqian-Huaqiao fault in Guizhou

石阡地区具有丰富的地热资源,在石阡-花桥断裂带及其次级构造中形成了一系列的温泉群。断裂构造对地热资源具有严格的控制作用。本文通过对石阡-花桥断裂带显微构造、运动学等构造地质特征和该地区地热特征,系统分析石阡-花桥断裂带构造特征及其对地热资源的控制作用。研究认为,石阡地区地热资源的主要热源为地温梯度增温,地热资源的分布严格受控于石阡-花桥断裂。石阡断裂为逆冲兼左行平移断层,为地热水的传导和储集提供了有利空间。花桥断裂带发育拉张裂隙、扭裂隙及分枝状断层,圈闭了含水岩系,在拉裂破碎带上形成热储。温泉大多沿主要控热、导热断裂出露,平面上呈线状分布于石阡和花桥断裂上盘及花桥断裂的断夹块中。

Shiqian area has abundant hydrothermal resource. Series of hot spring group formed in ShiqianHuaqiao fault zone and its secondary structure. The fault structure has strict control function for hydrothermal resource. In this paper,as the microstructure,kinematics and other structural geologic characteristics of Shiqian-Huaqiao fault zone and the hydrothermal features in this area,the structural characteristics and its control function of Shiqian-Huaqiao fault zone are analyzed systematacially. The study shows： the major heat source of hydrothermal resource in Shiqian area is geothermal gradient temperature increasing,the hydrothermcal resource is controlled strictly by Shiqian-Huaqiao fault zone. Shiqian fault zone is thrust and left strike-slip fault,it affords advanced space for transition and storage of geothermal water. Huaqiao fault zone developed and pulled fracture,twist fracture and dendroid fault,then close the water-bearing rock series,finally formed heat reservoir in crack fracture zone. The hot spring mainly emergence along the heat-control fault and heat conduction fault,distribute as line in fault granular of Shiqian,up Huaqiao fault and Huaqiao fault.