“中国”意识何以生成——勘测“新清史”的学术地层及其周边构造

How did the "China" Consciousness Generate——Surveying the Academic Stratum and Its Surrounding Structure of the "New Qing History"

"新清史"批评传统的"汉化说",更注重对非汉族族群和地区的历史研究,以此建构清帝国的历史叙事。中国史学界对此予以强烈批判,反对"新清史"强调清代的内亚性以解构其中国性质。"中国"意识的凸显,在很大程度上是宋代以后王朝政治与内外民族关系重构的结果。内/外、中心/周边、文明/野蛮、普遍/特殊等二元对立的自我认识范畴,都须回置到特定历史过程中重新考量。只有通过这种知识考古,才能深入整理"中国"作为不断变动的秩序与交错的文明之历史内涵。

New Qing History"criticized the traditional"Theory on Sinicization",paying more attention to the historical research on non-Han ethnic groups and areas,to construct the historical narrative of the Qing Empire.The Chinese historical circles strongly criticized this and opposed the"New Qing History"that emphasized the inner Asian nature of the Qing Dynasty to deconstruct its Chinese nature.The prominence of the"China"consciousness was,to a large extent,the result of the reconstruction of the dynasty politics and the internal and external ethnic relations after the Song Dynasty.The self-awareness categories of inner/outer,center/periphery,civilization/barbaric,universal/special,etc.,must be returned to a specific historical process for reconsideration.Only through this kind of archeological study,can the concept of"China"be thoroughly sorted out as the historic connotation of the ever-changing order and intertwined civilization.