丹参素钠对慢应激抑郁大鼠海马神经元的保护作用

Role of salvianic acid A sodium in protecting hippocampal neurons against damage in depressive chronical stress rats

目的探讨丹参素钠对慢应激抑郁大鼠行为学和神经元的保护作用。方法选择雄性SD大鼠50只,随机分为正常对照组、慢应激组、丹参素钠低剂量组、丹参素钠高剂量组和阿米替林组,每组10只。采用旷场实验和糖水偏爱实验,观察各组大鼠行为学改变;苏木精伊红染色和免疫荧光方法检测大鼠海马神经元结构和c-fos表达水平。结果与正常对照组比较,慢应激组水平运动和垂直运动评分及蔗糖偏爱度明显减少[(7.1±2.2)分vs(25.1±4.1)分,(7.8±1.9)分vs(15.0±4.0)分,(70.3±12.2)%vs(90.0±14.3)%,P<0.01]。与慢应激组比较,丹参素钠低剂量组、丹参素钠高剂量组和阿米替林组水平运动和垂直运动评分及蔗糖偏爱度明显升高。与正常对照组比较,慢应激组海马CA1区颗粒细胞体积变小,细胞数量减少,部分细胞出现空泡化。与慢应激组比较,丹参素钠高剂量组和阿米替林组海马CA1区颗粒细胞体积略大,数量增多,细胞空泡化减少。与正常对照组比较,慢应激组海马CA1区c-fos表达升高。与慢应激组比较,丹参素钠高剂量组和阿米替林组海马CA1区c-fos表达降低。结论丹参素钠可逆转慢应激引起海马神经元形态结构和数目改变,抑制神经元激活,发挥抗抑郁作用。

Objective To study the role of salvianic acid A sodium in protecting hippocampal neurons against damage in depressive chronical stress rats.Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,chronic stress group,low salvianic acid A sodium group,high salvianic acid A sodium group and amitriptyline group（10 in each group）.Their behaviors were tested by open-field test and sucrose preference test respectively.The structure of hippocampal neurons and the expression of c-Fos were detected with HE staining and immunohistochemical staining respectively.Results The horizontal and vertical movement scores and sucrose preference rate were significantly lower in chronic stress group than in control group（P〈0.01）and were significantly higher in salvianic acid A sodium groups than in chronic stress group.The volume and number of granular cells and vacuolated cells were smaller in CA1 region of hippocampus in chronic stress group and were larger in high salvianic acid A sodium group and amitriptyline group than in control group.The c-fos expression level in CA1 region of hippocampus was higher in chronic stress group and was lower in high salvianic acid A sodium group and amitriptyline group than in chronic stress group.Conclusion Salvianic acid A sodium can improve the mophorlogy and structure of hippocampal neurons,increase the number of granular cells,inhibit the activation of hippocampal neurons,and can thus play a role in treatment of depression.