起重机卷扬系统能量流动分析及势能回收系统实验

Energy flow analysis of crane hoisting system and experiment of potential energy recovery system

卷扬系统的工作能耗占起重机整机工作能耗的37%,在卷扬下放过程中存在较大的势能损耗,针对此部分能量损耗,本文提出了卷扬势能回收和再利用系统方案。通过分析现有卷扬下降过程中的能耗损失机理,提出了一种基于卷扬-马达-同步电机机械连接的能量回收系统,建立了系统数学模型,并给出节能系统势能回收率的计算公式,分析了系统的动力耦合特性和影响能量回收率的因素(负载质量和电机功率)。最后,以某型25t越野轮胎起重机作为研究对象,搭建实验平台对势能回收率进行研究。实验结果表明,系统势能回收率约为45%~65%。

The winch system is one of the main components of crane hoisting device,which accounts for37% of the total energy consumption of the whole machine with lot of potential energy loss during work.This paper studies the potential energy recovery and reuse of the winch system.First,the energy loss mechanism in the process of winding down is analyzed.On this basis,an energy recovery system is proposed.Second,the mathematical model of the recovery system is established,and the calculation formula of the energy recovery rate is derived.Finally,taking certain type of 25 toff-road tire crane as the research object,an experimental platform is set up.The experiment results validate the rationality and feasibility of the proposed energy recovery system that the recovery rate of the potential energy is about 45% ~ 65%.