为大学和职业成功做准备:美国评估改革与启示

For College and Career Success:Reforms and Enlightenments on American Assessments

美国教育评估改革由"为大学升学及入职做准备"向"为大学学习和职业生涯成功做准备"转换,并在评估内容和工具上进行了多样化和系统化的改进,但是新一轮评估也存在内涵界定的模糊性、评估工具自身的局限性,面临着评估模式与教育模式的脱节以及问责评估思想的牵制等挑战。借鉴美国评估改革经验可知:我国应不断强化评估系统的自身完善,建立多层次的考试评估支持系统,推行基于能力的教育模式,树立以"学生为中心"的评估理念。

American education assessment reforms focused on college and career success instead of student college and career readiness,which have been systematically improved in terms of assessment content and tools based on college and career readiness and success. However,it is found that the new round of assessment reforms are facing limitations and challenges from the disjunction with the teaching model and the containment of the thought of accountability assessment. Combined with the experience of American assessment reforms,it is considered that in addition to strengthening the self-improvement of the evaluation system,China’s assessment system should construct a multi-level support system,implement an ability-based educational model,and develop a studentcentered assessment concept.